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visualprocessing [2025/02/22 14:17] – [Visual Fields: Definition and Structure] andrewtaustinvisualprocessing [2025/02/22 14:22] (current) – [Visual Processing Pathway] andrewtaustin
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 ===== Anatomy of the Occipital Lobe ===== ===== Anatomy of the Occipital Lobe =====
  
-The **occipital lobe**, located at the posterior of the brain, is the primary hub for visual processing. Bordered by the parietal and temporal lobes, it houses several key areas dedicated to interpreting visual stimuli. Its main structure, the **primary visual cortex (V1)**, lies along the calcarine sulcus and is the first cortical region to process visual input from the retina via the optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, and lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus.+{{ :parcellation_of_different_cortical_regions_involved_in_visual_processing.jpg?600 |}}The **occipital lobe**, located at the posterior of the brain, is the primary hub for visual processing. Bordered by the parietal and temporal lobes, it houses several key areas dedicated to interpreting visual stimuli. Its main structure, the **primary visual cortex (V1)**, lies along the calcarine sulcus and is the first cortical region to process visual input from the retina via the optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, and lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus.
  
 Other notable regions include: Other notable regions include:
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 Visual processing begins when light enters the eye, stimulating photoreceptors (rods and cones) in the retina. The signal travels through the following stages: Visual processing begins when light enters the eye, stimulating photoreceptors (rods and cones) in the retina. The signal travels through the following stages:
  
-  1. **Retina**: Converts light into electrical impulses via ganglion cells, which form the optic nerve. +  * **Retina**: Converts light into electrical impulses via ganglion cells, which form the optic nerve. 
-  2. **Optic Chiasm**: Nasal fibers from each eye cross, ensuring both hemispheres receive input from both visual hemifields. +  * **Optic Chiasm**: Nasal fibers from each eye cross, ensuring both hemispheres receive input from both visual hemifields. 
-  3. **Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)**: A thalamic relay station that organizes and forwards signals to V1. +  * **Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)**: A thalamic relay station that organizes and forwards signals to V1. 
-  4. **Primary Visual Cortex (V1)**: Analyzes basic features like edges, orientation, and contrast. +  * **Primary Visual Cortex (V1)**: Analyzes basic features like edges, orientation, and contrast. 
-  5. **Higher Visual Areas**: V2-V5 and beyond integrate these features into coherent perceptions (e.g., recognizing a face or detecting motion).+  * **Higher Visual Areas**: V2-V5 and beyond integrate these features into coherent perceptions (e.g., recognizing a face or detecting motion).
  
 This hierarchical processing allows the brain to construct a detailed, dynamic representation of the visual world. This hierarchical processing allows the brain to construct a detailed, dynamic representation of the visual world.
  • Last modified: 2025/02/22 14:17
  • by andrewtaustin