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narcissism [2023/01/20 13:36] – [DSM-5 Criteria] tomnarcissism [2023/03/06 10:11] (current) – Remove socialite tom
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 +{{tag>Related}} 
 ====== Narcissism ====== ====== Narcissism ======
  
-Narcissism is a personality disorder that is characterized by an excessive sense of self-importance, a lack of empathy for others, and a need for admiration. It is often associated with an inflated ego, a sense of entitlement, and a preoccupation with fantasies of power, success, and attractiveness. Narcissism is thought to be a result of a combination of genetic, environmental, and cultural factors, and it tends to manifest in early adulthood.+Narcissism[(Narcissism>Narcissism[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/|Wikipedia]])] is a self-centered personality style characterized as having an excessive interest in one's physical appearance or image and an excessive preoccupation with one's own needs, often at the expense of others. 
 + 
 +Narcissism exists on a continuum that ranges from normal to abnormal personality expression. Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD)[(NPD>Narcissistic personality disorder[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcissistic_personality_disorder|Wikipedia]])] is a personality disorder that is characterized by an excessive sense of self-importance, a lack of empathy for others, and a need for admiration. It is often associated with an inflated ego, a sense of entitlement, and a preoccupation with fantasies of power, success, and attractiveness. Narcissism is thought to be a result of a combination of genetic, environmental, and cultural factors, and it tends to manifest in early adulthood. 
 + 
 +<blockquote>You will often hear people say, 'Oh, I'm very narcissistic,' or, 'It was a wound to my narcissism.' Such comments are not a true recognition of the condition; they are throw-away lines. To really recognize narcissism in oneself is profoundly distressing and often associated with denial. 
 +<cite> Symington, Neville - "Narcissism: A New Theory" [( :harvard:Symington2013>> 
 +authors   : Symington, Neville 
 +title     : Narcissism: A New Theory 
 +publisher : Routledge 
 +published : 2013 
 +pages : 10 
 +isbn      : 978-1855750470 
 +url       : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1855750470 
 +)] 
 +</cite> 
 +</blockquote>
  
 People with narcissistic personality disorder tend to have a distorted sense of their own importance, believing that they are special or unique and that they should be treated differently from others. They may have an exaggerated sense of their own achievements and talents, and they may expect to be recognized as superior, even when their accomplishments do not warrant it. They may also have an exaggerated sense of entitlement, believing that they deserve special treatment and that the rules do not apply to them. People with narcissistic personality disorder tend to have a distorted sense of their own importance, believing that they are special or unique and that they should be treated differently from others. They may have an exaggerated sense of their own achievements and talents, and they may expect to be recognized as superior, even when their accomplishments do not warrant it. They may also have an exaggerated sense of entitlement, believing that they deserve special treatment and that the rules do not apply to them.
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 Treatment for narcissistic personality disorder often involves long-term psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or psychoanalysis. Medications may also be prescribed to help manage any related symptoms, such as depression or anxiety. It is important for individuals with narcissistic personality disorder to work with a mental health professional in order to address the underlying causes of their narcissistic behavior and learn coping skills to manage their symptoms. Treatment for narcissistic personality disorder often involves long-term psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or psychoanalysis. Medications may also be prescribed to help manage any related symptoms, such as depression or anxiety. It is important for individuals with narcissistic personality disorder to work with a mental health professional in order to address the underlying causes of their narcissistic behavior and learn coping skills to manage their symptoms.
  
-Narcissism is a complex personality disorder that can have significant impacts on an individual's relationships and functioning. It is important for individuals with narcissistic personality disorder to seek treatment in order to learn healthy ways of relating to others and to improve their overall quality of life.+NPD is a complex personality disorder that can have significant impacts on an individual's relationships and functioning. It is important for individuals with narcissistic personality disorder to seek treatment in order to learn healthy ways of relating to others and to improve their overall quality of life.
  
 ===== Subtypes of Narcissism ===== ===== Subtypes of Narcissism =====
  
-There are several different subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder that are often described in the literature:+There are several different subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder[(NPD)] that are often described in the literature:
  
   * **Grandiose narcissism:** This type is characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance, a preoccupation with fantasies of power, success, and attractiveness, and a lack of empathy for others.   * **Grandiose narcissism:** This type is characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance, a preoccupation with fantasies of power, success, and attractiveness, and a lack of empathy for others.
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   * **Vulnerable narcissism:** This type is characterized by a fragile sense of self-esteem, a need for constant validation and admiration from others, and a tendency to feel easily hurt or offended.   * **Vulnerable narcissism:** This type is characterized by a fragile sense of self-esteem, a need for constant validation and admiration from others, and a tendency to feel easily hurt or offended.
  
-  * **Malignant narcissism:** This type is characterized by a lack of empathy, a sense of entitlement, and a tendency to engage in manipulative or exploitative behavior. It is often associated with a lack of remorse or guilt and a willingness to engage in aggressive or sadistic behavior.+  * **Malignant narcissism:[(Malignantnarcissism>Malignant narcissism[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malignant_narcissism|Wikipedia]])] 
 +** This type is characterized by a lack of empathy, a sense of entitlement, and a tendency to engage in manipulative or exploitative behavior. It is often associated with a lack of remorse or guilt and a willingness to engage in aggressive or sadistic behavior.
  
   * **High-functioning narcissism:** This type is characterized by a confident and self-assured exterior, but a fragile and insecure sense of self-esteem underneath. These individuals may be able to maintain successful careers and relationships, but may struggle with issues of vulnerability and intimacy.   * **High-functioning narcissism:** This type is characterized by a confident and self-assured exterior, but a fragile and insecure sense of self-esteem underneath. These individuals may be able to maintain successful careers and relationships, but may struggle with issues of vulnerability and intimacy.
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 ===== DSM-5 Criteria ===== ===== DSM-5 Criteria =====
  
-It is important to note that the subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder[(NPD>Narcissistic personality disorder[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcissistic_personality_disorder|Wikipedia]])]+It is important to note that the subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder[(NPD)]
  listed earlier (grandiose, vulnerable, malignant, and high-functioning) are not officially recognized by the DSM-5, the diagnostic manual used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental health disorders.  listed earlier (grandiose, vulnerable, malignant, and high-functioning) are not officially recognized by the DSM-5, the diagnostic manual used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental health disorders.
  
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 To be diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder, an individual must meet at least five of these criteria. It is important to note that these criteria are not specific to any particular subtype of narcissism and that individuals with narcissistic personality disorder may exhibit traits from multiple subtypes. To be diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder, an individual must meet at least five of these criteria. It is important to note that these criteria are not specific to any particular subtype of narcissism and that individuals with narcissistic personality disorder may exhibit traits from multiple subtypes.
  
-===== John G. Gunderson ===== 
- 
-John G. Gunderson[(Gunderson>John G. Gunderson[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_G._Gunderson|Wikipedia]])] 
- (June 20, 1942 – January 11, 2019) was a psychiatrist and researcher who made significant contributions to the study of personality disorders, including narcissistic personality disorder. One of his criticisms of the diagnosis of narcissism was that it was too broad and that it did not adequately differentiate between different types of narcissistic behavior. 
- 
-Gunderson argued that the DSM-IV (the diagnostic manual used at the time) included a wide range of narcissistic behaviors under the umbrella of narcissistic personality disorder, including both grandiose and vulnerable forms of narcissism. This led to confusion and difficulty in accurately diagnosing and treating individuals with narcissistic personality disorder. 
- 
-Gunderson also argued that the DSM-IV criteria for narcissistic personality disorder were too broad and that they did not adequately capture the complexity of narcissistic behavior. He argued that the criteria should be more specific and should take into account the different subtypes of narcissism, such as grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. 
- 
-Overall, Gunderson's criticisms highlight the need for more nuanced and specific criteria for diagnosing narcissistic personality disorder, in order to better understand and treat this complex and often misunderstood disorder. 
 ===== Narcissistic Supply ===== ===== Narcissistic Supply =====
  
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 ===== DARVO ===== ===== DARVO =====
  
-DARVO[(DARVO>DARVO[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/|Wikipedia]])] stands for Deny, Attack, and Reverse Victim and Offender. It is a tactic that is sometimes used by perpetrators of abuse or wrongdoing in order to deflect blame and avoid accountability for their actions.+DARVO[(DARVO>DARVO[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARVO|Wikipedia]])] stands for Deny, Attack, and Reverse Victim and Offender. It is a tactic that is sometimes used by perpetrators of abuse or wrongdoing in order to deflect blame and avoid accountability for their actions.
  
 In a DARVO response, the perpetrator may first deny that the abuse or wrongdoing took place. They may claim that the victim is lying or mistaken, or that the events in question never happened. They may also attack the victim's character or credibility, in an attempt to make the victim appear untrustworthy or unreliable. In a DARVO response, the perpetrator may first deny that the abuse or wrongdoing took place. They may claim that the victim is lying or mistaken, or that the events in question never happened. They may also attack the victim's character or credibility, in an attempt to make the victim appear untrustworthy or unreliable.
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 Gaslighting can be especially damaging because it can cause the victim to doubt their own perceptions and experiences, leading to feelings of confusion, self-doubt, and anxiety. It is important to be aware of the signs of gaslighting and to seek support if you are being subjected to this form of manipulation. Gaslighting can be especially damaging because it can cause the victim to doubt their own perceptions and experiences, leading to feelings of confusion, self-doubt, and anxiety. It is important to be aware of the signs of gaslighting and to seek support if you are being subjected to this form of manipulation.
  
-===== Leading Researchers in Narcissism ======+== List of common gaslighting techniques ==
  
-There are several researchers who have made significant contributions to the study of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder. Here are a few of the leading researchers in this field:+Gaslighters have many techniques [(Gaslighting>Gaslighting Definition, Techniques and Being Gaslighted[[https://www.healthyplace.com/abuse/emotional-psychological-abuse/gaslighting-definition-techniques-and-being-gaslighted|HealthyPlace]])] (Common gaslighting techniques|Wikipedia CCSA 3.0) [(Common_gaslighting_techniques>Common gaslighting techniques[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaslighting#Common_gaslighting_techniques|Wikipedia]])] highlighting the comorbidity of narcissism with the other dark tetrade traits machiavelism and sadism:
  
-  * **Sam Vaknin[(Vaknin>Vaknin has a prolific online presence, writing on narcissism and psychopathy.[[https://www.narcissistic-abuse.com/|narcissistic-abuse.com]])] 
-:** Vaknin is a narcissism expert and the author of several books on the topic, including "Malignant Self-love: Narcissism Revisited." 
  
-  * **Cynthia McWilliams and Mark D. Baldwin:** McWilliams and Baldwin are researchers who have studied narcissism and its relationship to social media use and self-esteem.+  * Obfuscation – Abuser deliberately obfuscates an issue. 
 + 
 +  * Withholding – Abuser pretends not to understand the victim. 
 + 
 +  * Countering – Abuser will vehemently call into question a victim's memory in spite of the victim having remembered things correctly. 
 + 
 +  * Blocking and diverting – Abuser changes the conversation from the subject matter to questioning the victim's thoughts and controlling the conversation.  
 + 
 +  * Trivializing – Abuser makes the victim believe his or her thoughts or needs are not important. 
 + 
 +  * Forgetting and denial – Abuser pretends to forget things that have really occurred; the abuser may deny or delay things like promises that are important to the victim. Although anyone can deny or delay, the gaslighter does it regularly in the absence of real external limitations. The gaslighter may make up or create artificial barriers to allow themselves to deny or delay that which is important to the victim. 
 + 
 + 
 +===== Well known / Public Figures in Narcissism ====== 
 + 
 +There are several researchers who have made significant contributions to the study of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder. Here are a few of the leading researchers in this field:
  
   * **Keith Campbell and Jean Twenge:** Campbell and Twenge are authors [( :harvard:Peterson2021>>   * **Keith Campbell and Jean Twenge:** Campbell and Twenge are authors [( :harvard:Peterson2021>>
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 <blockquote>Maybe it’s easier to tell yourself you’re the problem than to accept the possibility he won’t change.<cite>Craig Malkin, Rethinking Narcissism: The Secret to Recognizing and Coping with Narcissists</cite></blockquote> <blockquote>Maybe it’s easier to tell yourself you’re the problem than to accept the possibility he won’t change.<cite>Craig Malkin, Rethinking Narcissism: The Secret to Recognizing and Coping with Narcissists</cite></blockquote>
-===== Sam Vaknin, "Malignant Self-Love" ===== 
  
-"Malignant Self-love: Narcissism Revisited" [( :harvard:Vaknin2015>>+==== John G. Gunderson ==== 
 + 
 +John G. Gunderson[(Gunderson>John G. Gunderson[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_G._Gunderson|Wikipedia]])] 
 + (June 20, 1942 – January 11, 2019) was a psychiatrist and researcher who made significant contributions to the study of personality disorders, including narcissistic personality disorder. One of his criticisms of the diagnosis of narcissism was that it was too broad and that it did not adequately differentiate between different types of narcissistic behavior. 
 + 
 +Gunderson argued that the DSM-IV (the diagnostic manual used at the time) included a wide range of narcissistic behaviors under the umbrella of narcissistic personality disorder, including both grandiose and vulnerable forms of narcissism. This led to confusion and difficulty in accurately diagnosing and treating individuals with narcissistic personality disorder. 
 + 
 +Gunderson also argued that the DSM-IV criteria for narcissistic personality disorder were too broad and that they did not adequately capture the complexity of narcissistic behavior. He argued that the criteria should be more specific and should take into account the different subtypes of narcissism, such as grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. 
 + 
 +Overall, Gunderson's criticisms highlight the need for more nuanced and specific criteria for diagnosing narcissistic personality disorder, in order to better understand and treat this complex and often misunderstood disorder.[(GundersonNYT>A Fate That Narcissists Will Hate: Being Ignored[[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/30/health/views/30mind.html|NY Times]])] 
 + 
 + 
 + 
 +==== Sam Vaknin ==== 
 + 
 +Vaknin[(Vaknin>Vaknin has a prolific online presence, writing on narcissism and psychopathy.[[https://www.narcissistic-abuse.com/|narcissistic-abuse.com]])] 
 + is a self proclaimed narcissist, narcissism expert and the author of several books on the topic, including "Malignant Self-love: Narcissism Revisited." [( :harvard:Vaknin2015>>
 authors   : Sam Vaknin authors   : Sam Vaknin
 title     : Malignant Self-Love: Narcissism Revisited title     : Malignant Self-Love: Narcissism Revisited
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 isbn      : 8023833847 isbn      : 8023833847
 url       : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/8023833847 url       : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/8023833847
-)] is a book written by Sam Vaknin[(Vaknin)][(Sam_Vaknin>Sam Vaknin[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Vaknin|Wikipedia]])]. The book is a comprehensive examination of narcissistic personality disorder, including its causes, its symptoms, and its effects on the lives of those who have it.+)] and "Confessions Diary of a Narcissist" [( :harvard:Vaknin2015>> 
 +authors   : Sam Vaknin 
 +title     : Confessions Diary of a Narcissist 
 +publisher : Narcissus Publications 
 +published : 2013 
 +isbn      : 1982957042 
 +url       : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1982957042 
 +)] 
 + 
 + 
 +=== Sam Vaknin, "Malignant Self-Love" === 
 + 
 +"Malignant Self-love: Narcissism Revisited" [(Vaknin2015)] is a book written by Sam Vaknin[(Vaknin)][(Sam_Vaknin>Sam Vaknin[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Vaknin|Wikipedia]])]. The book is a comprehensive examination of narcissistic personality disorder, including its causes, its symptoms, and its effects on the lives of those who have it.
  
 In the book, Vaknin argues that narcissistic personality disorder is a result of a combination of genetic, environmental, and cultural factors. He also suggests that the disorder is more prevalent in certain occupations, such as politics and the arts, and that it is often associated with high intelligence and charisma. In the book, Vaknin argues that narcissistic personality disorder is a result of a combination of genetic, environmental, and cultural factors. He also suggests that the disorder is more prevalent in certain occupations, such as politics and the arts, and that it is often associated with high intelligence and charisma.
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 Overall, "Malignant Self-love" is a detailed and in-depth look at narcissistic personality disorder and its effects on individuals and society. It offers a unique perspective on this complex and often misunderstood disorder. Overall, "Malignant Self-love" is a detailed and in-depth look at narcissistic personality disorder and its effects on individuals and society. It offers a unique perspective on this complex and often misunderstood disorder.
  
-===== Somatic and Cerebral Narcissism =====+=== Somatic and Cerebral Narcissism ===
  
-First described by Sam Vaknin, cerebral narcissists and somatic narcissists are two subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder that are distinguished by the way they seek narcissistic supply.+First described by Sam Vaknin, cerebral narcissists and somatic narcissists[(DrJackal>Dr. Jackal and Mr. Hide: Cerebral vs. Somatic Narcissist[[https://samvak.tripod.com/journal21.html|samvak.tripod.com]])][(SamVakinTypes>Video from Sam Vaknin about Narcissist Types[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lj-VycbhslY|Youtube]])] 
 + are two subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder that are distinguished by the way they seek narcissistic supply.
  
 Cerebral narcissists are individuals who seek narcissistic supply through their intelligence, knowledge, or academic achievements. They may brag about their educational degrees or their intellectual accomplishments, and they may try to impress others with their knowledge or wit. Cerebral narcissists are individuals who seek narcissistic supply through their intelligence, knowledge, or academic achievements. They may brag about their educational degrees or their intellectual accomplishments, and they may try to impress others with their knowledge or wit.
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 Somatic narcissists, on the other hand, are individuals who seek narcissistic supply through their physical appearance, their sexual conquests, or their athletic abilities. They may be preoccupied with their appearance and may constantly seek attention and admiration for their looks or their physique. Somatic narcissists, on the other hand, are individuals who seek narcissistic supply through their physical appearance, their sexual conquests, or their athletic abilities. They may be preoccupied with their appearance and may constantly seek attention and admiration for their looks or their physique.
  
-Both cerebral and somatic narcissists have a grandiose sense of self-importance and a need for admiration from others, but they differ in the way they go about seeking this attention. It is important to note that these subtypes are not officially recognized by the DSM-5, the diagnostic manual used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental health disorders. +Both cerebral and somatic narcissists have a grandiose sense of self-importance and a need for admiration from others, but they differ in the way they go about seeking this attention. It is important to note that these subtypes are not officially recognized by the DSM-5, the diagnostic manual used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental health disorders.  
- +<blockquote>My girlfriends and spouses found it impossible to digest this eerie transformation from the gregarious, darkly handsome, well-built and sexually insatiable person that swept them off their feet - to the bodiless, flabby, bookwormish hermit with not an inkling of interest in either sex or other carnal pleasures. I miss my somatic half. I wish I could find a balance, but I know it is a doomed quest. This sexual beast of mine will forever be trapped in the intellectual cage that is I, Sam Vaknin, the Brain.<cite>Sam Vaknin[(DrJackal)] </cite></blockquote> 
-===== Dr Ramani ======+==== Dr Ramani =====
  
 Dr. Ramani [(Ramani>Doctor Ramani - Take your life back.[[https://doctor-ramani.com/|doctor-ramani.com]])] Durvasula is a licensed clinical psychologist and a Professor of Psychology at California State University, Los Angeles. She is an expert on narcissistic personality disorder has written two books, published numerous articles and a Youtube Channel[(DoctorRamani>Doctor Ramani[[https://www.youtube.com/doctorramani|Youtube]])] on the topic. Dr. Ramani [(Ramani>Doctor Ramani - Take your life back.[[https://doctor-ramani.com/|doctor-ramani.com]])] Durvasula is a licensed clinical psychologist and a Professor of Psychology at California State University, Los Angeles. She is an expert on narcissistic personality disorder has written two books, published numerous articles and a Youtube Channel[(DoctorRamani>Doctor Ramani[[https://www.youtube.com/doctorramani|Youtube]])] on the topic.
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 Dr. Durvasula is also a regular media commentator on topics related to narcissism and has appeared on numerous television and radio programs to discuss her work. In addition to her research and writing, she also maintains a private practice in Los Angeles, where she helps individuals and couples dealing with narcissistic personality disorder and other mental health issues. Dr. Durvasula is also a regular media commentator on topics related to narcissism and has appeared on numerous television and radio programs to discuss her work. In addition to her research and writing, she also maintains a private practice in Los Angeles, where she helps individuals and couples dealing with narcissistic personality disorder and other mental health issues.
  
-===== Les Carter =====+==== Les Carter ====
  
 Les Carter[(>About Les Carter[[https://survivingnarcissism.tv/about-surviving-narcissism/about-dr-les-carter/|survivingnarcissism.tv]])] is a licensed professional counselor and the author of "Enough About You, Let's Talk About Me: How to Recognize and Manage the Narcissists in Your Life" [( :harvard:Carter2008>> Les Carter[(>About Les Carter[[https://survivingnarcissism.tv/about-surviving-narcissism/about-dr-les-carter/|survivingnarcissism.tv]])] is a licensed professional counselor and the author of "Enough About You, Let's Talk About Me: How to Recognize and Manage the Narcissists in Your Life" [( :harvard:Carter2008>>
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 In 2018, he founded the Surviving Narcissism, which includes the Surviving Narcissism YouTube channel[(SurvivingNarcissism>Surviving Narcissism YouTube channel[[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIELB1mz8wMKIhB6DCmTBlw|Youtube]])] and the Dr. Les Carter YouTube channel[(LesCarter>Dr. Les Carter YouTube channel[[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZltLphbGES9winlzROiWLw|Youtube]])]. In addition to his writing and speaking, he also maintains a private practice in Dallas, Texas, where he helps individuals and couples dealing with narcissistic personality disorder and other mental health issues. In 2018, he founded the Surviving Narcissism, which includes the Surviving Narcissism YouTube channel[(SurvivingNarcissism>Surviving Narcissism YouTube channel[[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIELB1mz8wMKIhB6DCmTBlw|Youtube]])] and the Dr. Les Carter YouTube channel[(LesCarter>Dr. Les Carter YouTube channel[[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZltLphbGES9winlzROiWLw|Youtube]])]. In addition to his writing and speaking, he also maintains a private practice in Dallas, Texas, where he helps individuals and couples dealing with narcissistic personality disorder and other mental health issues.
 +
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  • Last modified: 2023/01/20 13:36
  • by tom