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false_memory_syndrome [2023/02/11 22:53] – Imported by DokuWiki Advanced Plugin tomfalse_memory_syndrome [2024/03/15 11:40] (current) – tom
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-{{tag>Other}} +{{tag>Related Memory}} 
 ==== False Memory Syndrome ==== ==== False Memory Syndrome ====
  
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 False memory is not the same as basic memory failures. While we are all susceptible to memory fallibility, false memory is more than a simple error; it entails a level of certainty in the memory's reality. We May face memory errors from time to time, but false memories are unusual in that they constitute a specific remembrance of something that did not actually occur. It's not about forgetting or mixing up specifics of things we've done; it's about recalling things we've never done in the first place. False memory is not the same as basic memory failures. While we are all susceptible to memory fallibility, false memory is more than a simple error; it entails a level of certainty in the memory's reality. We May face memory errors from time to time, but false memories are unusual in that they constitute a specific remembrance of something that did not actually occur. It's not about forgetting or mixing up specifics of things we've done; it's about recalling things we've never done in the first place.
  
-One way that false memories can form is via questions that are loaded with implicit suggestions and/or presupposition that suggest certain events may have happened. Despite the question taking the form of being “just a question” and elicitation of information, the effect of “leading questions” is well established in both law and psychology. +One way that false memories can form is via questions that are loaded with implicit suggestions and/or presupposition that suggest certain events may have happened. Despite the question taking the form of being “just a question” and elicitation of information, the effect of “leading questions” is well established in both law and psychology.[(MemoryWars>The Memory Wars Then and Now: The Contributions of Scott O. Lilienfeld[[https://doi.org/10.1177/21677026221133034|journals.sagepub.com]])] 
 + 
  
 A question asked of a witness in a manner that suggests the answer sought by the questioner (e.g. “You threw the brick through the window, didn't you?”) or that assumes the existence of disputed facts to which the witness is to testify. Leading questions may not be asked during examination-in-chief (except relating to formal matters, such as the witness's name and address) but may normally be asked in cross-examination.[(leading_question>leading question[[https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100055949|Oxford Reference]])]  A question asked of a witness in a manner that suggests the answer sought by the questioner (e.g. “You threw the brick through the window, didn't you?”) or that assumes the existence of disputed facts to which the witness is to testify. Leading questions may not be asked during examination-in-chief (except relating to formal matters, such as the witness's name and address) but may normally be asked in cross-examination.[(leading_question>leading question[[https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100055949|Oxford Reference]])] 
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-It’s been said that when someone is lying, they tend to narrate specific details to make you believe them. Our brain functions similarly to a computer, storing anything we feed it. If we provide it incorrect information, it will store incorrect information. It convinces us that a memory exists because it truly took place. Memories tend to be in fragments as we recall them, and we realize that there are a bunch of loopholes and we can begin to fill in the loopholes ourselves by whichever piece of the puzzle fits perfectly.+It’s been said that when someone is lying, they tend to narrate specific details to make you believe them. Our brain functions similarly to a computer, storing anything we feed it. If we provide it incorrect information, it will store incorrect information. It convinces us that a memory exists because it truly took place. Memories tend to be in fragments as we recall them, and we realize that there are a bunch of loopholes and we can begin to fill in the loopholes ourselves by whichever piece of the puzzle fits perfectly.[(CreatingMemories>Creating Memories for False Autobiographical Events in Childhood: A Systematic Review [[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acp.3220|onlinelibrary.wiley.com]])] 
  
 Sometimes we may mix components of many experiences in our memory to form a single one. When we recollect a memory, we are recalling past experiences. However, the chronology has become jumbled or muddled as a result of the collection of events that have now formed a single recollection in your mind. Sometimes we may mix components of many experiences in our memory to form a single one. When we recollect a memory, we are recalling past experiences. However, the chronology has become jumbled or muddled as a result of the collection of events that have now formed a single recollection in your mind.
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 <cite>Elizabeth Loftus</cite> <cite>Elizabeth Loftus</cite>
 </blockquote> </blockquote>
 +
 +==== "Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy, and Sexual Hysteria" by R. Ofshe and E. Watters====
 +<WRAP right rightalign> {{https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/4145TF8VHWL.jpg?150|Cover}}</WRAP>
 +"Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy, and Sexual Hysteria"[(MakingMonster>Making monsters : false memories, psychotherapy, and sexual hysteria (Full book)[[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_flCfr4CjKP8C|archive.org]])] [(MM>Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy, and Sexual Hysteria[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Making_Monsters%3A_False_Memories%2C_Psychotherapy%2C_and_Sexual_Hysteria|Wikipedia]])] [( :harvard:Ofshe1994>>
 +authors   : Richard Ofshe and Ethan Watters
 +title     : Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy, and Sexual Hysteria 
 +publisher : Scribner
 +published : 1994
 +isbn      : 0520205839
 +url       : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0520205839
 +)] is a 1994 book by Richard Ofshe and Ethan Watters. Richard Ofshe is an American social psychologist known for his work on false confessions and coercive persuasion/mind control. He has testified as an expert witness in numerous trials. Ethan Watters is an American journalist and author who has written about psychiatry, culture, and beliefs. His other books include Crazy Like Us and The Invisible Bridge.
 +
 +Making Monsters explores how certain interrogation tactics, belief systems, and societal influences can shape people's behaviors and lead to false accusations or even push vulnerable individuals over the edge into committing horrific acts. It is critical of recovered memory movements, allegations of abuse by Satanic cults, and multiple-personality disorder diagnoses.
 +<WRAP clear/>
 +
 +==== "Victims of Memory: Sex Abuse Accusations and Shattered Lives" by Mark Pendergrast ====
 +<WRAP right rightalign> {{https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/51j2Obxys-L._SY264_BO1,204,203,200_QL40_ML2_.jpg?150|Cover}}</WRAP>
 +"Victims of Memory: Sex Abuse Accusations and Shattered Lives" [( :harvard:Pendergrast1996>>
 +authors   : Pendergrast, Mark
 +title     : Victims of Memory: Sex Abuse Accusations and Shattered Lives 
 +publisher : Hinesburg VT
 +published : 1996
 +isbn      : 0-942679-18-0
 +url       : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0942679180)] is a non-fiction book written by Mark Pendergrast, published in 1995. The book delves into the controversial and complex topic of repressed and recovered memories of sexual abuse, primarily focusing on cases that emerged during the 1980s and 1990s.
 +
 +In "Victims of Memory," Pendergrast explores the phenomenon of individuals recalling traumatic memories of childhood sexual abuse that had supposedly been repressed or forgotten. He examines various cases where people suddenly remembered these incidents during therapy sessions or other interventions. The book raises questions about the reliability of these memories, the influence of therapy techniques on their formation, and the potential for false memories to be implanted or distorted.
 +
 +Pendergrast discusses how these accusations of sexual abuse led to legal and personal consequences for both the accused and the accusers. The book also delves into the broader societal and psychological factors that played a role in the widespread belief in repressed memories during that era.
 +
 +<WRAP center> {{ youtube>h6jwo2KIdhQ| Mark Pendergrast - Memory Warp: How The Myth Of Repressed Memory Arose And Refuses To Die }} </WRAP>
 +
 +Mark Pendergrast, the author, is known for his works in various subjects, including psychology, history, and cultural studies. He's recognized for his in-depth research and investigative approach to complex topics. "Victims of Memory" is one of his notable works that critically examines the repressed memory phenomenon and its implications.
 +<WRAP clear/>
 +
 +==== "Suggestions of abuse : true and false memories of childhood sexual trauma" by Yapko, Michael D ====
 +<WRAP right rightalign> {{https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/518JSB5SEGL.jpg?150|Cover}}</WRAP>
 +"Suggestions of abuse : true and false memories of childhood sexual trauma"[(Suggestionsofabuse>Suggestions of abuse : true and false memories of childhood sexual trauma by Yapko, Michael D (Full book)[[https://archive.org/details/suggestionsofabu00yapk|archive.org]])] [( :harvard:Ofshe1994>>
 +authors   : Yapko, Michael D
 +title     : Suggestions of abuse : true and false memories of childhood sexual trauma
 +publisher : Simon & Schuster
 +published : 1994
 +isbn      : 0671874314
 +url       : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0671874314
 +)]  is a book by Michael Yapko, a clinical psychologist and expert in hypnosis. The book explores the phenomenon of recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse, and argues that many of these memories are false. Yapko contends that false memories can be created through a variety of factors, including suggestive questioning by therapists, exposure to media reports of abuse, and the desire to believe that one has been abused.
 +
 +The book was published in 1994, at a time when there was a growing public awareness of the issue of childhood sexual abuse. However, there was also a great deal of controversy surrounding the issue, with some people believing that recovered memories were always accurate, and others believing that they were often false. Yapko's book was one of the first to offer a comprehensive and critical examination of the recovered memory phenomenon.
 +
 +The book has been praised by some for its balanced and objective approach, and for its contribution to the debate on recovered memories. However, it has also been criticized by some for its skepticism of recovered memories.
 +
 +Here are some of the key points that Yapko makes in the book:
 +
 + - Recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse are often unreliable.
 + - There is no scientific evidence to support the claim that repressed memories can be recovered.
 + - False memories can be created through a variety of factors, including suggestive questioning, exposure to media reports of abuse, and the desire to believe that one has been abused.
 + - Therapists should be cautious about accepting recovered memories as accurate.
 + - People who believe that they may have been abused as children should seek professional help to evaluate their memories.
 +
 +Suggestions of Abuse is a controversial book, but it is an important contribution to the debate on recovered memories. The book provides a balanced and objective overview of the issue, and it raises important questions about the reliability of recovered memories.
 +
 +Michael Yapko is a clinical psychologist and expert in hypnosis and is a past president of the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis. He has written ten books as sole author, including Breaking the Patterns of Depression and Hand-Me-Down Blues. Michael Yapko is a recipient of the Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Society of Hypnosis.
 +<WRAP clear/>
 +
  
 ==== The British False Memory Society (BFMS) ==== ==== The British False Memory Society (BFMS) ====
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 The British False Memory Society (BFMS) closed its operations in 2022 due to changing membership and lack of resources. Founded in 1993, the society endeavored to provide help, advice and support to anyone who felt they had been impacted by False Memory Syndrome or a related issue circulating in media and scientific discussion at the time. The organisation brought together a great deal of research on false memory impacts, with information emanating from victims and carers, legal professionals, academics and clinicians. Despite remaining active online via social media since its closure, the BFMS could no longer provide the same level of assistance it once did due to diminishing resources. The British False Memory Society (BFMS) closed its operations in 2022 due to changing membership and lack of resources. Founded in 1993, the society endeavored to provide help, advice and support to anyone who felt they had been impacted by False Memory Syndrome or a related issue circulating in media and scientific discussion at the time. The organisation brought together a great deal of research on false memory impacts, with information emanating from victims and carers, legal professionals, academics and clinicians. Despite remaining active online via social media since its closure, the BFMS could no longer provide the same level of assistance it once did due to diminishing resources.
 +
 +====  Similarities between Rapid-onset gender dysphoria (ROGD) and Repressed Memories Syndrome  ====
 +<WRAP CENTER 50%>
 +{{youtube>Ih46rSOZSdg|A Continued Look at the Parallels Between ROGD and "Repressed Memories"}}
 +</WRAP>
 + 
  
  • Last modified: 2023/02/11 22:53
  • by tom