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common_eye_disorders [2023/01/18 16:29] – tomcommon_eye_disorders [2023/03/06 09:11] (current) – Remove socialite tom
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 +{{tag>Related}} 
 ======Common Eye Disorders====== ======Common Eye Disorders======
  
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   - Cataracts[(Cataract>Cataract  — the lens becomes opaque[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataract |Wikipedia]])]   - Cataracts[(Cataract>Cataract  — the lens becomes opaque[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataract |Wikipedia]])]
-  - Glaucoma[(Glaucoma>Glaucoma — [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma|Wikipedia]])]+  - Glaucoma[(Glaucoma>Glaucoma — vision loss through Ocular hypertension[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma|Wikipedia]])]
   - Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)[(Macular>Macular degeneration — loss of central vision, due to macular degeneration[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macular_degeneration|Wikipedia]])]   - Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)[(Macular>Macular degeneration — loss of central vision, due to macular degeneration[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macular_degeneration|Wikipedia]])]
   - Diabetic retinopathy[(retinopathy>Diabetic retinopathy (also known as diabetic eye disease)[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_retinopathy|Wikipedia]])]   - Diabetic retinopathy[(retinopathy>Diabetic retinopathy (also known as diabetic eye disease)[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_retinopathy|Wikipedia]])]
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 =====Cateracts===== =====Cateracts=====
  
-A cataract is a clouding of the eye's natural lens, which sits behind the iris and the pupil. The lens focuses light onto the retina, which sends visual information to the brain. When the lens becomes cloudy, it can cause a reduction in vision, glare, halos around lights, and trouble seeing at night. Cataracts are most commonly caused by aging, but they can also be caused by injury, certain medical conditions, or certain medications.+A cataract[(Cataract)] is a clouding of the eye's natural lens, which sits behind the iris and the pupil. The lens focuses light onto the retina, which sends visual information to the brain. When the lens becomes cloudy, it can cause a reduction in vision, glare, halos around lights, and trouble seeing at night. Cataracts are most commonly caused by aging, but they can also be caused by injury, certain medical conditions, or certain medications.
  
 Symptoms of cataracts include blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night, glare, and difficulty distinguishing between colors. In the early stages of cataracts, glasses or new contact lenses may help with the symptoms. However, if the cataract progresses, surgery may be required to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). Cataract surgery is a common and generally safe procedure, with a high success rate. Symptoms of cataracts include blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night, glare, and difficulty distinguishing between colors. In the early stages of cataracts, glasses or new contact lenses may help with the symptoms. However, if the cataract progresses, surgery may be required to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). Cataract surgery is a common and generally safe procedure, with a high success rate.
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 =====Glaucoma==== =====Glaucoma====
  
-Glaucoma is a group of eye disorders that can damage the optic nerve, which carries visual information from the eye to the brain. The most common type of glaucoma is primary open-angle glaucoma, which is caused by an increase in pressure within the eye. This pressure can cause damage to the optic nerve and lead to vision loss, especially in peripheral vision.+Glaucoma [(Glaucoma)] is a group of eye disorders that can damage the optic nerve, which carries visual information from the eye to the brain. The most common type of glaucoma is primary open-angle glaucoma, which is caused by an increase in pressure within the eye. This pressure can cause damage to the optic nerve and lead to vision loss, especially in peripheral vision.
  
 Glaucoma is often called the "silent thief of sight" because it typically has no early symptoms. As the disease progresses, peripheral vision may be lost, but central vision is usually preserved until the advanced stages. That's why it is important to have regular eye exams and screenings for glaucoma, especially if you have a family history of the disease or are at increased risk due to other factors such as age, high intraocular pressure, and certain medical conditions. Glaucoma is often called the "silent thief of sight" because it typically has no early symptoms. As the disease progresses, peripheral vision may be lost, but central vision is usually preserved until the advanced stages. That's why it is important to have regular eye exams and screenings for glaucoma, especially if you have a family history of the disease or are at increased risk due to other factors such as age, high intraocular pressure, and certain medical conditions.
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 =====Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)===== =====Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)=====
  
-Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a condition that affects the macula, which is the part of the retina responsible for central vision. The macula is responsible for allowing us to see fine details, read, and recognize faces. As we age, the macula can deteriorate, leading to vision loss. AMD is a leading cause of vision loss among older adults.+Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)[(Macular)] is a condition that affects the macula, which is the part of the retina responsible for central vision. The macula is responsible for allowing us to see fine details, read, and recognize faces. As we age, the macula can deteriorate, leading to vision loss. AMD is a leading cause of vision loss among older adults.
  
 There are two types of AMD: dry AMD and wet AMD. Dry AMD is the more common form of the disease and is characterized by the gradual breakdown of light-sensitive cells in the macula. This can cause a gradual loss of central vision. Wet AMD is less common but is more severe. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels form under the macula and can cause rapid vision loss. There are two types of AMD: dry AMD and wet AMD. Dry AMD is the more common form of the disease and is characterized by the gradual breakdown of light-sensitive cells in the macula. This can cause a gradual loss of central vision. Wet AMD is less common but is more severe. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels form under the macula and can cause rapid vision loss.
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 =====Diabetic retinopathy===== =====Diabetic retinopathy=====
  
-Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. The condition is caused by high blood sugar levels, which can damage the blood vessels in the retina over time. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness among working-age adults.+Diabetic retinopathy[(retinopathy)] is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. The condition is caused by high blood sugar levels, which can damage the blood vessels in the retina over time. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness among working-age adults.
  
 There are two types of diabetic retinopathy: non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). NPDR is the early stage of the disease and is characterized by the swelling of the blood vessels in the retina. This can cause vision loss, but it is typically mild. PDR is the more advanced stage of the disease and is characterized by the growth of new blood vessels on the retina. These new blood vessels can bleed, leading to vision loss and even blindness. There are two types of diabetic retinopathy: non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). NPDR is the early stage of the disease and is characterized by the swelling of the blood vessels in the retina. This can cause vision loss, but it is typically mild. PDR is the more advanced stage of the disease and is characterized by the growth of new blood vessels on the retina. These new blood vessels can bleed, leading to vision loss and even blindness.
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 =====Dry eye syndrome===== =====Dry eye syndrome=====
  
-Dry eye syndrome is a condition in which the eyes do not produce enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly. Tears are necessary to keep the eyes moist, comfortable, and healthy. Without enough tears, the eyes can become dry, itchy, and red, and vision can become blurry.+Dry eye syndrome[(DES)] is a condition in which the eyes do not produce enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly. Tears are necessary to keep the eyes moist, comfortable, and healthy. Without enough tears, the eyes can become dry, itchy, and red, and vision can become blurry.
  
 There are several causes of dry eye syndrome, including aging, certain medical conditions, medications, and environmental factors such as dry air and wind. Women are more likely to develop dry eye syndrome than men, especially during menopause. There are several causes of dry eye syndrome, including aging, certain medical conditions, medications, and environmental factors such as dry air and wind. Women are more likely to develop dry eye syndrome than men, especially during menopause.
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 =====Conjunctivitis (pink eye)===== =====Conjunctivitis (pink eye)=====
  
-Conjunctivitis, also known as "pink eye," is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids.+Conjunctivitis[(Conjunctivitis)], also known as "pink eye," is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids.
  
 Conjunctivitis can be caused by a number of things, including bacterial or viral infections, allergies, or irritants. The most common symptoms include redness, itching, and discharge in one or both eyes. The discharge can make the eyelashes stick together, especially upon waking up. Bacterial conjunctivitis is usually treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointment, while viral conjunctivitis is usually self-limiting and will resolve on its own within 7-14 days. Allergic conjunctivitis is treated with antihistamine drops or oral medication, and irritant conjunctivitis can be treated by avoiding the irritant and using lubricating drops. Conjunctivitis can be caused by a number of things, including bacterial or viral infections, allergies, or irritants. The most common symptoms include redness, itching, and discharge in one or both eyes. The discharge can make the eyelashes stick together, especially upon waking up. Bacterial conjunctivitis is usually treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointment, while viral conjunctivitis is usually self-limiting and will resolve on its own within 7-14 days. Allergic conjunctivitis is treated with antihistamine drops or oral medication, and irritant conjunctivitis can be treated by avoiding the irritant and using lubricating drops.
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 =====Refractive errors (nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism)===== =====Refractive errors (nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism)=====
  
-Refractive errors are common eye conditions that occur when the eye is unable to properly focus light onto the retina. The three most common types of refractive errors are myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism.+Refractive errors[(myopia)][(hyperopia)][(Astigmatism)] are common eye conditions that occur when the eye is unable to properly focus light onto the retina. The three most common types of refractive errors are myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism.
  
 Myopia, or nearsightedness, occurs when the eye is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing light to focus in front of the retina instead of on it. This results in difficulty seeing objects that are far away, but objects that are close can be seen clearly. Myopia, or nearsightedness, occurs when the eye is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing light to focus in front of the retina instead of on it. This results in difficulty seeing objects that are far away, but objects that are close can be seen clearly.
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 =====Strabismus (crossed eyes)===== =====Strabismus (crossed eyes)=====
  
-Strabismus, also known as "crossed eyes," is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. This can cause one eye to turn in, out, up, or down while the other eye is looking straight ahead. This can lead to double vision, eye strain, and loss of depth perception.+Strabismus[(Strabismus)], also known as "crossed eyes," is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. This can cause one eye to turn in, out, up, or down while the other eye is looking straight ahead. This can lead to double vision, eye strain, and loss of depth perception.
  
 Strabismus can occur at any age and can be caused by a variety of factors, including eye muscle weakness, nerve damage, or a problem with the brain's ability to control eye movement. It can be present at birth or develop later in life. Strabismus can occur at any age and can be caused by a variety of factors, including eye muscle weakness, nerve damage, or a problem with the brain's ability to control eye movement. It can be present at birth or develop later in life.
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 =====Amblyopia (lazy eye)====== =====Amblyopia (lazy eye)======
  
-Amblyopia, also known as "lazy eye," is a condition in which the vision in one eye is weaker than the other. This can occur when the eye and the brain are not working together correctly. This can happen for several reasons such as strabismus (crossed eyes), unequal refractive error (one eye is more nearsighted, farsighted, or has more astigmatism), or obstruction of one eye's visual axis.+Amblyopia[(Amblyopia)], also known as "lazy eye," is a condition in which the vision in one eye is weaker than the other. This can occur when the eye and the brain are not working together correctly. This can happen for several reasons such as strabismus (crossed eyes), unequal refractive error (one eye is more nearsighted, farsighted, or has more astigmatism), or obstruction of one eye's visual axis.
  
 Amblyopia can affect children and adults, but it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood. The weaker eye may appear normal, but the brain is not receiving or suppressing the visual information from that eye, leading to poor vision in that eye. Amblyopia can affect children and adults, but it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood. The weaker eye may appear normal, but the brain is not receiving or suppressing the visual information from that eye, leading to poor vision in that eye.
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 =====Keratoconus====== =====Keratoconus======
  
-Keratoconus is a condition in which the cornea, the clear front part of the eye, becomes thin and irregular in shape. This can cause the cornea to bulge into a cone-like shape, which can cause distorted and blurry vision.+Keratoconus[(Keratoconus)] is a condition in which the cornea, the clear front part of the eye, becomes thin and irregular in shape. This can cause the cornea to bulge into a cone-like shape, which can cause distorted and blurry vision.
  
 Keratoconus usually starts to develop in the teenage years and progresses in the early adult years. The exact cause is not known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Keratoconus usually starts to develop in the teenage years and progresses in the early adult years. The exact cause is not known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
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 =====Uveitis====== =====Uveitis======
  
-Uveitis is a group of inflammatory conditions that affect the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, which is composed of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. When the uvea becomes inflamed, it can cause a variety of symptoms including eye pain, redness, sensitivity to light, and vision loss.+Uveitis[(Uveitis)] is a group of inflammatory conditions that affect the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, which is composed of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. When the uvea becomes inflamed, it can cause a variety of symptoms including eye pain, redness, sensitivity to light, and vision loss.
  
 Uveitis can be caused by a variety of things, including infections, injury, and certain autoimmune or inflammatory conditions. The exact cause of uveitis can be difficult to determine and in some cases, the cause may remain unknown. Uveitis can be caused by a variety of things, including infections, injury, and certain autoimmune or inflammatory conditions. The exact cause of uveitis can be difficult to determine and in some cases, the cause may remain unknown.
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 =====Blepharitis====== =====Blepharitis======
  
-Blepharitis is a condition in which the eyelids become inflamed, causing redness, itching, and a burning sensation in the eyes. The condition is caused by a combination of factors, including bacterial infection, clogged oil glands, and skin conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis or eczema. It is more common for people working in hot and dusty environments.+Blepharitis[(Blepharochalasis)] is a condition in which the eyelids become inflamed, causing redness, itching, and a burning sensation in the eyes. The condition is caused by a combination of factors, including bacterial infection, clogged oil glands, and skin conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis or eczema. It is more common for people working in hot and dusty environments.
  
 Symptoms of blepharitis can include red, swollen, or itchy eyelids, a burning or stinging sensation in the eyes, crusting or flaking of the skin on the eyelids, and a gritty or foreign body sensation in the eyes. In some cases, blepharitis can also cause eyelash loss or misdirection and can lead to recurrent styes or chalazion, which are small, painless bumps that develop on the eyelids. Symptoms of blepharitis can include red, swollen, or itchy eyelids, a burning or stinging sensation in the eyes, crusting or flaking of the skin on the eyelids, and a gritty or foreign body sensation in the eyes. In some cases, blepharitis can also cause eyelash loss or misdirection and can lead to recurrent styes or chalazion, which are small, painless bumps that develop on the eyelids.
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 =====Retinal detachment===== =====Retinal detachment=====
  
-Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition that occurs when the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, becomes separated from its underlying layer of support tissue. This can cause vision loss or blindness if left untreated.+Retinal detachment[(Retinaldetachment)] is a serious eye condition that occurs when the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, becomes separated from its underlying layer of support tissue. This can cause vision loss or blindness if left untreated.
  
 The retina is a thin layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye and converts light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain. Retinal detachment occurs when the retina is pulled away from the back of the eye, usually as a result of a tear or hole in the retina. The retina is a thin layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye and converts light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain. Retinal detachment occurs when the retina is pulled away from the back of the eye, usually as a result of a tear or hole in the retina.
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 =====Optic neuritis===== =====Optic neuritis=====
  
-Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve, which is the bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the eye to the brain. Optic neuritis can cause a sudden loss of vision, usually in one eye, and can be a symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) or other neurological disorders.+Optic neuritis[(neuritis)] is an inflammation of the optic nerve, which is the bundle of nerve fibers that carries visual information from the eye to the brain. Optic neuritis can cause a sudden loss of vision, usually in one eye, and can be a symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) or other neurological disorders.
  
 The symptoms of optic neuritis can include a sudden or gradual loss of vision, usually in one eye, eye pain, especially with eye movement, and color vision loss. The affected eye may also appear reddish and swollen, and the vision may be blurry or distorted. Loss of vision can range from mild to severe, and in some cases, it can lead to blindness. The symptoms of optic neuritis can include a sudden or gradual loss of vision, usually in one eye, eye pain, especially with eye movement, and color vision loss. The affected eye may also appear reddish and swollen, and the vision may be blurry or distorted. Loss of vision can range from mild to severe, and in some cases, it can lead to blindness.
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 Optic neuritis can be a sign of an underlying condition such as multiple sclerosis, and it is important to identify and treat the underlying condition as soon as possible to prevent further vision loss and other complications. Optic neuritis can be a sign of an underlying condition such as multiple sclerosis, and it is important to identify and treat the underlying condition as soon as possible to prevent further vision loss and other complications.
  
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  • Last modified: 2023/01/18 16:29
  • by tom